Abstract
Posterior crossbite is one of the most frequently occurring malocclusions in adolescents
with a prevalence of 7% to 23%. The most common form of posterior crossbite is a unilateral
posterior crossbite with a functional side shift. It has been suggested that functional
posterior crossbites (FUPXB) may result in right-to-left-side differences in the condyle
fossa relationship, resulting in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems. The objective
of this study was to determine if pathological position of the condyles can cause
condylar signs or symptoms like degenerative joint disease (DJD) or juvenile condylar
resorption (JCR), or if the position of the condyle is just an altered position within
the TMJ. Sixty patients with an average age of 9.6years were randomly selected from
the office of one of the investigators (T.S.). The study group consisted of 29 patients
with a FUPXB and the control group had 31 patients with no posterior crossbite. All
patients had multislice CT scans of the TMJ taken as part of the orthodontic records.
Transverse widths were measured at the skeletal base and the dentoalveolar base. Molar
inclinations, condylar angulations, condylar anterior joint space, superior joint
space, and posterior joint space were measured. Independent sample t-tests were used
to compare different measurements between groups and paired sample t-tests were used
to compare differences within the same patient. Reliability of measurements were determined
using pairwise correlation. For dentoalveolar measurements of transverse width, the
maxillomandibular difference for the study group was -8.2 mm and for the control group
was -4.0 mm. No significant differences were found between the molar inclinations,
condylar width, angulation, or any joint space measurements between the two groups.
A total of 61.3% of the subjects in the control group and 72.4% in the study group
had a radiographic sign of joint disease. The lack of condylar positional differences
between the control and crossbite groups suggests that TMJ signs and symptoms in the
study group may be related to remodeling in the TMJ instead.
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Published online: February 11, 2019
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© 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.
