Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 3 , Pages 183-193 , September 2008

White Spot Lesions During Orthodontic Treatment: Mechanisms and Fluoride Preventive Aspects

  • Bjørn Øgaard

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Professor Bjørn Øgaard, Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway

References 

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  33. Buyukyilmaz T, Tangugsorn V, Øgaard B, et al. The effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) application around orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;105:293–296
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  35. Hove L, Holme B, Øgaard B, et al. The protective effect of TiF4, SnF2 and NaF on erosion of enamel by hydrochloric acid in vitro measured by white light interferometry. Caries Res. 2006;40:440–443
  36. Øgaard B, Alm AA, Larsson E, et al. A prospective, randomized clinical study on the effects of an amine fluoride/stannous fluoride toothpaste/mouthrinse on plaque, gingivitis and initial caries lesion development in orthodontic patients. Eur J Orthod. 2006;28:8–12
  37. Fjeld M, Øgaard B. Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of enamel surfaces exposed to 3 orthodontic bonding systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:575–581
  38. Øgaard B, ten Bosch JJ. Regression of white spot enamel lesions (A new optical method for quantitative longitudinal evaluation in vivo). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;106:238–242
  39. Al-Khateeb S, Forsberg CM, de Josselin de Jong E, et al. A longitudinal laser fluorescence study of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:595–602
  40. Al-Khateeb S, Exterkate RAM, Angmar-Månsson B, et al. Effect of acid-etching on remineralization of enamel white spot lesions. Acta Odontol Scand. 2000;58:31–36

PII: S1073-8746(08)00020-0

doi: 10.1053/j.sodo.2008.03.003

Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 3 , Pages 183-193 , September 2008

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