Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 2 , Pages 146-156 , June 2008

Orthodontic Treatment, Genetic Factors, and Risk of Temporomandibular Disorder

  • Gary D. Slade

      Affiliations

    • Professor of Oral Epidemiology, Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Gary D. Slade, BDSc, DDPH, PhD, Professor of Oral Epidemiology, Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Dental School, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. Phone: +618-8303-3291; Fax: +618-8303-3070
    • ,
  • Luda Diatchenko

      Affiliations

    • Research Associate Professor, Center for Neurosensory Disorders, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
    • ,
  • Richard Ohrbach

      Affiliations

    • Associate Professor, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
    • ,
  • William Maixner

      Affiliations

    • Professor, Center for Neurosensory Disorders, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

References 

  1. Von Korff M. Health services research and temporomandibular pain. In:  Sessle BJ,  Bryant PS,  Dionne RA editor. Temporomandibular Disorders and Related Pain Conditions. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 1995;p. 227–236
  2. US Department of Health and Human Services. Oral Health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health; 2000;
  3. Okeson JP, Adler RC, Anderson GC, Baragona PM, Broker EB, Falace DA, et al. Differential diagnosis and management considerations of temporomandibular disorders. In:  Okeson JP editors. Orofacial Pain. Chicago: Quintessence; 1996;p. 113–184
  4. Macfarlane TV, Blinkhorn AS, Davies RM, et al. Association between local mechanical factors and orofacial pain: survey in the community. J Dent. 2003;31:535–542
  5. Huang GJ, LeResche L, Critchlow CW, et al. Risk factors for diagnostic subgroups of painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD). J Dent Res. 2002;81:284–288
  6. John MT, Miglioretti DL, LeResche L, et al. Widespread pain as a risk factor for dysfunctional temporomandibular disorder pain. Pain. 2003;102:257–263
  7. Fillingim RB, Maixner W, Kincaid S, et al. Pain sensitivity in patients with temporomandibular disorders: relationship to clinical and psychosocial factors. Clin J Pain. 1996;12:260–269
  8. Wright AR, Gatchel RJ, Wildenstein L, et al. Biopsychosocial differences between high-risk and low-risk patients with acute TMD-related pain. J Am Dent Assoc. 2004;135:474–483
  9. Drangsholt M, LeResche L. Temporomandibular disorder pain. In:  Crombie IK,  Croft PR,  Linton SJ,  LeResche L,  Von Korff M editor. Epidemiology of Pain. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; 1999;
  10. Svensson P. Craniofacial muscle pain: review of mechanisms and clinical manifestations. J Orofacial Pain. 2001;15:117–145
  11. Stohler CS. Taking stock: from chasing occlusal contacts to vulnerability alleles. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2004;7:157–161
  12. Kim MR, Graber TM, Viana MA. Orthodontics and temporomandibular disorder: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:438–446
  13. Dworkin SF, LeResche L. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications, critique. J Craniomandib Disord. 1992;6:302–355
  14. Von Korff M, LeResche L, Dworkin SF. First onset of common pain symptoms: a prospective study of depression as a risk factor. Pain. 1983;55:251–258
  15. Beck JD. Risk revisited. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1998;26:220–225
  16. Fillingim RB, Ness TJ. Sex-related hormonal influences on pain and analgesic responses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2000;24:485–501
  17. LeResche L, Mancl L, Sherman JJ, et al. Changes in temporomandibular pain and other symptoms across the menstrual cycle. Pain. 2003;106:253–261
  18. Marbach JJ, Lennon MC, Dohrenwend BP. Candidate risk factors for temporomandibular pain and dysfunction syndrome: psychosocial, health behavior, physical illness and injury. Pain. 1988;34:139–151
  19. Hill AB. The environment and disease: association or causation. Proc R Soc Med. 1965;58:295–300
  20. US Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: Public Health Service; 1964;
  21. Maixner W, Fillingim R, Sigurdsson A, et al. Sensitivity of patients with painful temporomandibular disorders to experimentally evoked pain: evidence for altered temporal summation of pain. Pain. 1998;76:71–81
  22. Maixner W, Sigurdsson A, Fillingim R, et al. Regulation of acute and chronic orofacial pain. In:  Fricton JR,  Dubner RB editor. Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders. New York: Raven Press; 1995;p. 85–102
  23. Kashima K, Rahman OIF, Sakoda S, et al. Increased pain sensitivity of the upper extremities of TMD patients with myalgia to experimentally-evoked noxious stimulation: possibility of worsened endogenous opioid systems. Cranio. 1999;17:241–246
  24. Maixner W, Fillingim R, Booker D, et al. Sensitivity of patients with painful temporomandibular disorders to experimentally evoked pain. Pain. 1995;63:341–351
  25. Sarlani E, Greenspan JD. Evidence for generalized hyperalgesia in temporomandibular disorders patients. Pain. 2003;102:221–226
  26. Sarlani E, Grace EG, Reynolds MA, et al. Evidence for up-regulated central nociceptive processing in patients with masticatory myofascial pain. J Orofacial Pain. 2004;18:41–55
  27. Nagasako EM, Oaklander AL, Dworkin RH. Congenital insensitivity to pain: an update. Pain. 2003;101:213–219
  28. Khoury MJ. Genetic epidemiology. In:  Rothman KJ,  Greenland S editor. Modern Epidemiology. 2nd ed.. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1998;p. 609–621
  29. Griffiths AJF, Gellant W, Lewontin RC, et al. Modern genetic analysis. 2nd ed. In: Integrating Genes and Genomes. New York: W Freeman and Co; 2002;p. 600
  30. Raphael KG, Marbach JJ, Gallagher RM, et al. Myofascial TMD does not run in families. Pain. 1999;80:15–22
  31. Michalowicz BS, Pihlstrom BL, Hodges JS, et al. No heritability of temporomandibular joint signs and symptoms. J Dent Res. 2000;79:1573–1578
  32. Heiberg A, Heloe B, Heiberg AN, Heloe LA, Magnus P, Berg K, et al. Myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) syndrome in twins. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1980;8:434–436
  33. Risch NJ. Searching for genetic determinants in the new millennium. Nature. 2000;405:847–856
  34. Mulder EJ, Van Baal C, Gaist D, et al. Genetic and environmental influences on migraine: a twin study across six countries. Twin Res. 2003;6:422–431
  35. Heikkila JK, Koskenvuo M, Heliovaara M, et al. Genetic and environmental factors in sciatica (Evidence from a nationwide panel of 9365 adult twin pairs). Ann Med. 1989;21:393–398
  36. Jones HB. The relative power of linkage and association studies for the detection of genes involved in hypertension. Kidney Int. 1998;53:1446–1448
  37. Tsuchiya N, Ohashi J, Tokunaga K. Variations in immune response genes and their associations with multifactorial immune disorders. Immunol Rev. 2002;190:169–181
  38. McPeek MS. Optimal allele-sharing statistics for genetic mapping using affected relatives. Genet Epidemiol. 1999;16:225–249
  39. Zubieta JK, Heitzeg MM, Smith YR, et al. COMT val158met genotype affects mu-opioid neurotransmitter responses to a pain stressor. Science. 2003;299:1240–1243
  40. Mannisto PT, Kaakkola S. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT): biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy of the new selective COMT inhibitors. Pharmacol Rev. 1999;51:593–628
  41. Diatchenko L, Slade GD, Nackley AG, et al. Genetic basis for individual variations in pain perception and the development of a chronic pain condition. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14:135–143
  42. Marbach JJ, Levitt M. Erythrocyte catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in facial pain patients. J Dent Res. 1976;55:711
  43. Bhalang K, Sigurdsson A, Slade GD, et al. Associations among four modalities of experimental pain in women. J Pain. 2005;6:604–611
  44. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical methods in cancer research. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 1987;
  45. Egermark I, Magnusson T, Carlsson GE. A 20-year follow-up of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and malocclusions in subjects with and without orthodontic treatment in childhood. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:109–115
  46. Bergius M, Berggren U, Kiliaridis S. Experience of pain during an orthodontic procedure. Eur J Oral Sci. 2002;110:92–98

 Supported by: NIH/NIDCR DE07509, NS045685, DE007333, AR/AI-44564, NIH Intramural Grants DE00366 and AA000301, and the Comprehensive Neuroscience Program Grant USUHS G192BR-C4

PII: S1073-8746(08)00011-X

doi: 10.1053/j.sodo.2008.02.005

Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 2 , Pages 146-156 , June 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution