Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 1 , Pages 5-18 , March 2008

The History and Development of Self-Ligating Brackets

  • Nigel Harradine

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Nigel Harradine, BDS London, FDS, RCS Edin, FDS, MOrth, RCS, Eng, MSc(Orth), MB, BS London, Orthodontic Department, University of Bristol Dental School, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, U.K.

References 

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  2. Wildman AJ. Round table—the Edgelok bracket. J Clin Orthod. 1972;6:613–623
  3. Berger JL. The SPEED appliance: a 14 year update on this unique self-ligating orthodontic mechanism. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;105:217–223
  4. Harradine NWT, Birnie DJ. The clinical use of Activa self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;109:319–328
  5. Damon DH. The rationale, evolution and clinical application of the self-ligating bracket. Clin Orthod Res. 1998;1:52–61
  6. Damon DH. The Damon low friction bracket: a biologically compatible straight-wire system. J Clin Orthod. 1998;32:670–680
  7. Taloumis LJ, Smith TM, Hondrum SO, et al. Force decay and deformation of orthodontic elastomeric ligatures. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;111:1–11
  8. Shivapuja PK, Berger J. A comparative study of conventional ligation and self-ligation bracket systems. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1994;106:472–480
  9. Khambay B, Millett D, Mc Hugh S. Evaluation of methods of archwire ligation on frictional resistance. Eur J Orthod. 2004;26:327–332
  10. Maijer R, Smith DC. Time saving with self-ligating brackets. J Clin Orthod. 1990;24:29–31
  11. Forsberg C, Brattström V, Malmberg E, Nord CE. Ligature wires and elastomeric rings: two methods of ligation, and their association with microbial colonization of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli. Eur J Orthod. 1991;13:416–420
  12. Turkkahraman H, Özgür SM, Yesim BF, et al. Archwire ligation techniques, microbial colonization, and periodontal status in orthodontically treated patients. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:231–236
  13. Sukontapatipark W, El-Agroudi MA, Selliseth NJ, Thunold K, Selvig KA. Bacterial colonisation associated with fixed orthodontic appliances (A scanning electron microscopy study). Eur J Orthod. 2001;23:475–484
  14. Harradine NWT. Self-ligating brackets: where are we now?. J Orthod. 2003;30:262–273
  15. Matasa CG. Brackets’ shape influences friction. The Orthodontic Materials Insider. 2001;13:2–5
  16. Pilon JGM, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Maltha JC. Magnitude of orthodontic forces and rate of bodily tooth movement (An experimental study). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:16–23
  17. Rajcich M, Sadowsky C. Efficacy of intra-arch mechanics using differential moments for achieving anchorage control in extraction cases. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112:441–448
  18. Srinivas S. Comparison of canine retraction with self-ligated and conventional ligated brackets—a clinical study. Chennai, India: Thesis in fulfillment of postgraduate degree, Tamilnadu Medical University; 2003;
  19. Reitan K. Some factors determining the evaluation of forces in orthodontics. Am J Orthod. 1957;43:32–46
  20. Koenig HA, Burstone CJ. Force systems from an ideal arch—large deflection considerations. Angle Orthod. 1989;59:11–16
  21. Thorstenson BS, Kusy RP. Effect of archwire size and material on the resistance to sliding of self-ligating brackets with second-order angulation in the dry state. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;122:295–305
  22. Harradine NWT. Self-ligating brackets and treatment efficiency. Clin Orthod Res. 2001;4:220–227
  23. Eberting JJ, Straja SR, Tuncay OC. Treatment time, outcome and patient satisfaction comparisons of Damon and conventional brackets. Clin Orthod Res. 2001;4:228–234
  24. Matasa CG. Self-engaging brackets: passive vs. active. The Orthodontic Materials Insider. 1996;9:5–11

PII: S1073-8746(07)00067-9

doi: 10.1053/j.sodo.2007.12.002

Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 14, Issue 1 , Pages 5-18 , March 2008

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