Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 13, Issue 3 , Pages 143-157 , September 2007

Treatment of the Class III Malocclusion with Maxillary Expansion and Protraction

  • Patrick K. Turley

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Patrick Turley, DDS, MSD, MEd, 3104 The Strand, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266. Phone: 310-546-5097

References 

  1. Gianelly AA. One-phase versus two-phase treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;13:145–151
  2. Harrison RL, Kennedy DB, Leggott JP, et al. The association of simple anterior dental crossbite to gingival margin discrepancy. Pediatr Dent. 1991;13:296–300
  3. Harrison RL, Kennedy DH, Leggott JP. Anterior dental crossbite: relationship between incisor crown length and incisor irregularity before and after orthodontic treatment. Pediatr Dent. 1993;15:394–397
  4. Muto T, Kawakarni J, Kanazawa M, et al. Relationship between disc displacement and morphologic features of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg. 1998;13:145–151
  5. Kobayashi T, Honma K, Izumi K, et al. Temporomandibular joint symptoms and disc displacement in patients with mandibular prognathism. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;37:455–458
  6. Wisth J. Mandibular function and dysfunction in patients with mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod. 1984;85:193–498
  7. Gavakos K, Witt E. The functional status of orthodontically treated prognathic patients. Eur J Orthod. 1991;13:124–128
  8. Macdonald KE, Kapust AJ, Turley PK. Cephalometric changes after the correction of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion/facemask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;116:13–24
  9. Miyajima K, McNarnara JA, Sana M, et al. An estimation of craniofacial growth in the untreated Class III female with anterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112:425–434
  10. Turley PK. Orthopedic correction of Class III malocclusion with palatal expansion and custom protraction headgear. J Clin Orthod. 1988;22:314–325
  11. Saadia M, Torres E. Sagittal changes after maxillary protraction with expansion in Class III patients in the primary, mixed, and late mixed dentitions (A longitudinal retrospective study). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:669–680
  12. Turley PK. Orthopedic correction of Class III malocclusion: retention and phase II therapy. J Clin Orthod. 1996;30:313–324
  13. Turley PK. Management of common orthodontic problems. In:  Barber TK,  Luke LS editor. Pediatric Dentistry. Boston: J Wright/PSG; 1982;
  14. Eismann D, Prusas R. Periodontal findings before and after orthodontic therapy in cases of incisor crossbite. Eur J Orthod. 1990;12:281–283
  15. Sohn BW, Miyawaki S, Noguchi H, et al. Changes in jaw movement and jaw closing muscle activity after orthodontic correction of incisor crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112:403–409
  16. Kerr WJS. Mandibular position in Class III malocclusion. Br J Orthod. 1988;241–245
  17. Tsai H-H. Components of anterior crossbite in the primary dentition. J Dent Child. 2001;27–32
  18. Ellis E, McNamara JA. Components of adult Class III malocclusion. Am J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1984;42L:295–305
  19. Guyer EC, Ellis E, McNamara JA, et al. Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1986;56:7–30
  20. Sue G, Chaconas SJ, Turley PK, et al. Indicators of Class III skeletal growth. J Dent Res. 1987;66:348
  21. Williams S, Andersen CE. The morphology of the potential Class III skeletal pattern in the growing child. Am J Orthod. 1986;89:302–311
  22. Hopkin GB. Craniofacial pattern in mesio-occlusion. Nederlandse Verein Orthod Stud. 1965;81–105
  23. Hopkin GB, Houston WJB, James GA. The cranial base as an aetiological factor in malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 1968;38:250–255
  24. Jacobson A, Evans WG, Preston CB, et al. Mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1974;66:140–171
  25. Steiner CC. The use of cephalometrics as an aid to planning and assessing orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod. 1960;46:721–735
  26. Harvold EP. The Activator in Orthodontics. St Louis: CV Mosby; 1974;
  27. Ricketts RM. Perspectives in the clinical application of cephalometrics. Angle Orthod. 1981;51:115–150
  28. McNamara JA. A method of cephalometric analysis. In:  McNamara JA editors. Clinical Alteration of the Growing Face (Monograph 12, Craniofacial Growth Series). Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, Center for Human Growth and Development; 1983;
  29. Broadbent BH, Broadbent BH, Golden WH. Bolton standards of dentofacial developmental growth. St Louis: CV Mosby; 1975;
  30. Bishara SE. Facial and dental changes in adolescents and their clinical implications. Angle Orthod. 2000;70:471–483
  31. Mounkeh M. Cephalometric evaluation of craniofacial pattern of Syrian children with Class III malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;119:640–649
  32. Nartallo-Turley PE, Turley PK. Cephalometric effects of combined palatal expansion and facemask therapy on Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:217–224
  33. Baccetti T, McGill JS, Franchi L, et al. Skeletal effects of early treatment of Class III malocclusion with maxillary expansion and face-mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:333–343
  34. Baik HS. Clinical results of maxillary protraction in Korean children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;108:583–592
  35. Chong YH, lve C, Artun J. Changes following the use of protraction headgear for early correction of Class III malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 1996;66:351–362
  36. Gallagher W, Miranda F, Buschang PH. Maxillary protraction: treatment and post-treatment effects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:612–619
  37. Kapust AJ, Sinclair PM, Turley PK. Cephalometric effects of face mask/expansion therapy in Class III children (A comparison of three age groups). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:204–212
  38. Kilicoglu H, Kirlic Y. Profile changes in patients with Class III malocclusions after Delaire mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:453–462
  39. Mermigos J, Full CA, Andreasen G. Protraction of the maxillofacial complex. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;98:47–55
  40. Ngan PW, Hagg U, Yiu C, et al. Treatment response and long term dentofacial adaptations to maxillary expansion and protraction. Semin Orthod. 1997;3:255–264
  41. Pangrazio-Kulbersh V. Effects of protraction mechanics on the midface. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:484–491
  42. da Silva QG, Magro AC, Capelozza L. Early treatment of the Class III malocclusion with rapid maxilIary expansion and maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:196–203
  43. Sung SJ, Baik HS. Assessment of skeletal and dental changes by maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1. 1998;14:492–502
  44. Wiiliams MD, Sarver DM, Sadowsky PL, et al. Combined rapid maxillary expansion and protraction facemask in the treatment of Class III malocclusions in growing children: a prospective long term study. Semin Orthod. 1997;3:265–274
  45. Wisth PJ, Tritapunt A, Rygh P, et al. The effect of maxillary protraction on front occlusion and facial morphology. Acta Odontol Scand. 1987;45:227–237
  46. Tulloch JFC, Philips C, Proffit WR. Benefit of early Class II treatment: progress report of a 2-phase randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:62–72
  47. Keeling SD, Wheeler VP, King GJ, et al. Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:40–50
  48. Ghafari J, Shofer FS, Jacobsson-Hunt U, et al. Headgear versus function regulator in the early treatment of Class II, division I malocclusion: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:51–61
  49. Proffit WR. Contemporary Orthodontics. 2nd ed.. St Louis: Mosby; 1993;
  50. Merwin D, Ngan P, Hägg U, et al. Timing for effective application of anteriorly directed orthopedic force to maxilla. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;112:292–299
  51. Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. Shape-coordinate analysis of skeletal changes induced by rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:418–426
  52. Anderson DL, Thompson GW, Popovich F. Interrelationships of dental maturity, height, and weight from 4 to 14 years. Growth. 1975;36:453–462
  53. Demirjian A, Buschang PH, Tanguy R, et al. Interrelationships among measures of somatic, skeletal, dental and sexual maturity. Am J Orthod. 1985;88:433–438
  54. Björk A, Helm S. Prediction of the age of maximum pubertal growth in body height. Angle Orthod. 1967;37:134–143
  55. Kuroda T, Natori H, Kawanobe O. Prediction of the age at maximum pubertal growth ossification of the adductor sesanicid of thumb in Japanese children. J Jpn Orthod Soc. 1969;28:68–73
  56. Sato K, Abe M, Shirato Y, et al. Standard growth curve of maxilla and mandible applied to the growth prediction based on standards of bone age (Tanner-Whitehouse 2 method) for Japanese females. Jpn J Orthod Soc. 1996;55:545–548
  57. Bergersen EO. The male adolescent facial growth spurt: its prediction and relation to skeletal maturation. Angle Orthod. 1972;42:319–338
  58. Iwara R. The relationship of complete fusion time on the distal phalanx of the first digit and mandibular growth. J Jpn Orthod Soc. 1994;53:1–9
  59. Bowden BD. Epiphysial changes in the hand/wrist area as indicators of adolescent stage. Aust Orthodont J. 1976;4:87–104
  60. Fishman LS. Radiographic evaluation of skeletal maturation: a clinically oriented method based on hand-wrist films. Angle Orthod. 1982;52:88–112
  61. Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Cameron N, et al. Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height (TW2 method). San Diego: Academic Press; 1983;
  62. Murata M, Matsuo N, Tanaka T, et al. Atlas of Standard Bone Maturation for Japanese: Based on TW2 Method. Tokyo: Kanehara Shuppan; 1993;
  63. Goto S, Kondo T, Negoro T, et al. Ossification of the distal phalanx of the first digit as a maturity indicator for initiation of orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion in Japanese women. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:490–501
  64. Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. Thin-plate spline analysis of mandibular growth. Angle Orthod. 2001;71:83–92
  65. Suda N, Suzuki Ml, Hirose K, et al. Effective treatment plan for maxillary protraction: is the bone age useful to determine the treatment plan?. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:56–62
  66. Johnston LE. A comparative analysis of Class TI treatments. In:  Vig PS,  Ribbens KA editor. Science and Clinical Judgment in Orthodontics (Monograph No. 19, Craniofacial Growth Series). Ann Arbor: Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan; 1986;p. 103–148
  67. McGill J. Orthopedic alteration induced by rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy (Master’s Thesis). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan; 1995;
  68. Shanker S, Ngan P, Wade D, et al. Cephalometric A point changes during and after maxillary protraction and expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:423–430
  69. Westwood PV, McNamara JA, Baccetti T, Franchi L, Sarver DM. Long term effects of Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:306–320
  70. Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. Postpubertal assessment of treatment timing for maxillary expansion and protraction therapy followed by fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;126:555–568
  71. McNamara JA. An orthopedic approach to the treatment of Class III malocclusion in young patients. J Clin Orthod. 1987;21:598–608
  72. Haas AJ. Rapid expansion of the maxillary dental arch and nasal cavity by opening the mid-palatal suture. Angle Orthod. 1961;31:73–90
  73. Wertz RA. Skeletal and dental changes accompanying rapid midpalatal suture opening. Am J Orthod. 1970;58:41–66
  74. Wertz RA. Midpalatal suture opening: a normative study. Am J Orthod. 1977;71:367–381
  75. da Silva OG, Boas MCV, Capelozza L. Rapid maxillary expansion in the primary and mixed dentition: a cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;100:171–181
  76. Vaughn G, Mason B, Moon H-B, et al. The effects of maxillary protraction therapy with or without rapid palatal expansion: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:299–309
  77. Behrents RG. Growth in the Aging Craniofacial Skeleton (Monograph 17, Craniofacial Growth Series). Ann Arbor: Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Michigan; 1985;

PII: S1073-8746(07)00026-6

doi: 10.1053/j.sodo.2007.05.005

Seminars in Orthodontics
Volume 13, Issue 3 , Pages 143-157 , September 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution